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Wood describes him as the "bloodiest man in America's deadliest war"[164] and characterizes him as the clearest example of the war's "dehumanizing influence". On October 2, a group of 450 guerrillas under Quantrill's leadership met at Blackwater River in Jackson County and left for Texas. After a building collapse in the makeshift jail in Kansas City, Missouri, left one of them dead in custody and the other permanently maimed, Anderson devoted himself to revenge. The tortures included jumping on him, shooting at his legs and firing guns from his knee to burn his legs with powder. Missouri's southern sympathizers hated Union Brig. Answer: Coffeyville. The rest rushed to obey the orders. Missouri's southern sympathizers hated Union Brig. Touch for map. [125], Anderson visited Confederate sympathizers as he traveled, some of whom viewed him as a hero for fighting the Union, whom they deeply hated. Bloody Bill Anderson - Etsy Check out our bloody bill anderson selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our shops. Biographer Larry Wood wrote that Anderson's motivation shifted after the death of his sister, arguing that killing then became his focus, and an enjoyable act. In December, 1861, he organized his infamous guerrilla band, which included William "Bloody Bill" Anderson, George Todd, Fletcher Taylor, Cole Younger, and Frank James, to name a few. [56] In March 1864, at the behest of General Sterling Price, Quantrill reassembled his men, sending most of them into active duty with the regular Confederate Army. [84] The guerrillas quickly forced the attackers to flee, and Anderson shot and injured one woman as she fled the house. Anderson was hit by a bullet behind an ear, likely killing him instantly. Anderson and Todd launched an unsuccessful attack against the fort, leading charge after futile charge without injury. Anderson's horse, saddle & 2 pistols were presented later to a general. The most infamous order came in response to a brutal guerilla attack on Lawrence, Kan. The act sanctioned guerrilla activities against the Union army while attempting to gain some measure of control over the guerrillas. Concluding that eliminating the bushw[h]acker's support network would. Location. Posted on 19th March 2021. [115] The attack led to a near-complete halt in rail traffic in the area and a dramatic increase in Union rail security. Jesse James. [62][g] Quantrill was taken into custody but soon escaped. [13], Upon his return to Kansas, Anderson continued horse trafficking, but ranchers in the area soon became aware of his operations. They drew the Union troops to the top of a hill; a group of guerrillas led by Anderson had been stationed at the bottom and other guerrillas hid nearby. The Bushwhacker in Missouri. As you said, they could have obtained pistols from the local population but remember, the average farmer probably wouldn't have shelled out the $15.00 to buy a sidearm as he was more dependent on a long arm & $15.00 was a fortune. [94], On September 26, Anderson and his men reached Monroe County, Missouri,[95] and traveled towards Paris, but learned of other nearby guerrillas and rendezvoused with them near Audrain County. So they couldn't have obtained many from the Infantry. Bloody Bill Anderson - Lies and Sensationalism. Anderson and his men were in the rear of the charge, but gathered a large amount of plunder from the dead soldiers, irritating some guerrillas from the front line of the charge. The argument is not that some of the members carried multiple sidearms but certainly not every member did. He was quite fast with a pair of Colt Dragoons, but he killed Wilson Anderson with a shotgun loaded with birdshot. William T. Anderson was born around 1840 in Hopkins County, Kentucky, to William C. and Martha Anderson. On March 12, 1864, in the midst of a bloody war which had long overflowed its thimble, Margaret Brooks was returning from her home near Memphis, Tennessee when her wagon broke down in Nonconnah Creek. The Federal command in St. Louis, Mo. While on public display, a local photographer documented his death. [12] In late 1861, Anderson traveled south with Jim and Judge Baker in an apparent attempt to join the Confederate Army. Anderson and his men dressed as Union soldiers, wearing uniforms taken from those they killed. [2] His siblings were Jim, Ellis, Mary Ellen, Josephine and Janie. Gen. Henry Halleck. Gen. Thomas Ewing issued General Orders No. [37] Castel and Goodrich maintain that by then killing had become more than a means to an end for Anderson: it became an end in itself. [29], In early summer 1863, Anderson was made a lieutenant, serving in a unit led by George M. Todd. . Anyway, as Baker had achieved his mission & as Anderson & his troops entered the ambush. The reason for the bloody raid that left nearly two hundred men dead and caused between $1 million and $1.5 million in damage (in 1863 dollars) is still the subject of speculation. KANSAS CITY Ten women and girls, including three sisters born in Randolph County, were killed or seriously injured when a building owned by state Treasurer George Caleb Bingham . [Map inset] Nearby Civil War attractions include Pioneer Cemetery and Ray County Museum in Richmond, Mo. For the more effectual annoyance of the enemy upon our rivers and in our mountains and woods all citizens of this district who are not conscripted are called upon to organize themselves into independent companies of mounted men or infantry, as they prefer, arming themselves and to serve in that part of the district to which they belong. The cashier pulled a gun on him and James killed him in self-defence. One way he sought to prove that loyalty was by severing his ties with Anderson's sister Mary, his former lover. Cox's bugler gathered up 6 pistols around the body. While on public display, a local photographer documented his death. On August 30, Anderson and his men attacked a steamboat on the Missouri River, killing the captain and gaining control of the boat. William T. "Bloody Bill" Anderson (circa 1838 - October 26, 1864) was a pro-Confederate guerrilla leader in the American Civil War. He commanded 3040 men, one of whom was Archie Clement, an 18-year-old with a predilection for torture and mutilation who was loyal only to Anderson. [136][137] Anderson indicated that he was particularly angry that the man had freed his slaves, then trampled him with a specially trained horse. Operating against Unionists in the midst of the guerrilla war in Missouri and Kansas, he was a leading figure in the infamous Lawrence Massacre and the Centralia Massacre, gaining the nickname "Bloody Bill" for the perceived savagery of his exploits. Anderson ordered them outside the car and lined up in two files. [45] The guerrillas under Anderson's command, notably including Archie Clement and Frank James, killed more than any of the other group. [6] Kansas was at the time embroiled in an ideological conflict regarding its admission to the Union as slave or free, and both pro-slavery activists and abolitionists had moved there in attempts to influence its ultimate status. [54] During the winter, Anderson married Bush Smith, a woman from Sherman, Texas. Stockburn gets a good look at the Preacher and says "YOU". Marshal, but spoke amicably with an acquaintance he found there. so there couldn't have been that many to obtain from citizens. It is possible that Jim Anderson might have married Bloody Bill's widow IF the 22 August 1866 marriage of J. M. Anderson and Malinda Anderson was the marriage of James Madison Anderson and Malinda Bush Smith. and also on the Agnes City Census of Kansas in 1850. [73], In June 1864, George M. Todd usurped Quantrill's leadership of their group and forced him to leave the area. [1] There he robbed travelers and killed several Union soldiers. The Missouri act was an offshoot of the Confederate Partisan Ranger Act instituted by Confederate President Jefferson Davis in April 1862. A wide-brimmed slouch hat was the headgear of choice. By August 1864, they were regularly scalping the men they killed. He favored swift execution of captured guerrillas. Anderson was described as "nearly six feet tall, of rather swarthy complexion and had long, black hair, inclined to curl. Bloody Bill was played by John Russell who played Marshall Stockburn in Pale Rider. Handsome, rugged American leading man John Russell (whose credits are often confused with those of child actor Johnny Russell) attended the University of California, where he was a student athlete. William "Bloody Bill" Anderson A sociopath who lived for spilling blood, William Anderson was one of the most fearsome leaders of Confederate guerrillas in Civil War Missouri. The guerrillas heard that the cavalry was approaching,[110] and Anderson sent a party to set an ambush. In addition, it is included in the Missouri - A State Divided: The Civil War in Missouri series list. declared martial law in August 1861, giving Union forces broad powers to suppress those who resisted Union control. At the end of P.R. William T. "Bloody Bill" Anderson was a southern sympathizing bushwhacker born in Missouri and raised in Kansas. [139], Union military leaders assigned Lieutenant Colonel Samuel P. Cox to kill Anderson, providing him with a group of experienced soldiers. Gen. Thomas C. Hindman was the head of the Confederate Army's Trans Mississippi Department in Little Rock, Ark. [86], On August 13, Anderson and his men traveled through Ray County, Missouri, to the Missouri River, where they engaged Union militia. William "Bloody Bill" Anderson . John Russell. Anderson led a band of volunteer partisan raiders who targeted Union loyalists and federal soldiers in the states of Missouri and Kansas. Gen. John McNeil, the "Butcher of Palmyra." In 1908, the ex-guerrillas and former outlaws Jim Cummins and Cole Younger arranged for a funeral service at Anderson's gravesite. . A lot of the federal troops in Missouri were Infantry & only the officer's would have pistols. Born in the late 1830s, The Missouri act was an offshoot of the Confederate Partisan Ranger Act instituted by Confederate President Jefferson Davis in April 1862. So . [138] Local residents gathered $5,000, which they gave to Anderson; he then released the man, who died of his injuries in 1866. Among his troops was a well-established group of guerrilla fighters led by William Anderson, who was known by the nickname " Bloody Bill ." Among his guerrillas was a pair of southern Missouri brothers named Frank and Jesse James. Depending on which side you asked, these bushwhackers were either heroes or criminals. 11. Although some men begged him to spare them, he persisted, only relenting when a woman pleaded with him not to torch her house. [44] They proceeded to pillage and burn many buildings, killing almost every man they found, but taking care not to shoot women. He thought the cashier was an informant. James Jay Carafano. A significant historical year for this entry is 1913. Anderson was fatally shot twice in the back of the head. 2, in March 1862, allowed Union troops in Missouri to hang guerillas as robbers and murder[er]s. Future orders followed the same tone. 11, but guerrilla activity continued throughout the war in other regions of the state. For instance, you could play Jesse James-an American outlaw who was also a confederate soldier under Bloody Bill Anderson's leadership. [50], They departed earlier in the year than they had planned, owing to increased Union pressure. [15] The Anderson brothers escaped, but Baker was captured and spent four months in prison before returning to Kansas, professing loyalty to the Union. Anderson participated in Quantrill's raid on Lawrence, Kansas on August 21, 1863. Guerrilla Tactics Erected by Missouri State Parks. In what became known as the Centralia Massacre, Anderson's bushwhackers killed 24 unarmed Union soldiers on the train and set an ambush later that day which killed over a hundred Union militiamen. Forces of Change and the Enduring Ozark Frontier: The Civil War. During the American Civil War, the James family sided with the Confederates, and Frank and Jesse James joined a group of guerrillas, or . [114] Anderson's men mutilated the bodies of the dead soldiers and tortured some survivors. On the other hand, the use of tactics like arson, robbery and murder seemed beyond the bounds of honorable combat. [141] On October 26, 1864, he pursued Anderson's group with 150 men and engaged them in a battle called the Skirmish at Albany, Missouri. One one hand, they were useful, serving to tie down Union forces. The Union troops took his body to Richmond, Mo. The next day, the elder Anderson traveled to the Council Grove courthouse with a gun, intending to force Baker to withdraw the warrant. USA. Even before Union forces finally shot him down in his final gunfight, the man called Bloody Bill had become equal parts legend and infamous nightmare. 2. The Gun manufacturers did not provide extra cylinders for each firearm sold. . On July 15, 1864 "Bloody Bill" Anderson returned home. Desperate to put a stop to Anderson's bloodshed, the Union Army eventually raised a small militia to hunt him down. [75] Many militia members had been conscripted and lacked the guerrillas' boldness and resolve. [127] Although many of them wished to execute this Union hostage, Anderson refused to allow it. Even then, reloading the powder & ball would have been almost as fast as changing out the cylinder. If they were caught, Federals considered them criminals not prisoners of war. Union leaders branded bushwhackers as outlaws, issuing multiple orders to suppress guerilla activities. [55] Anderson ignored Quantrill's request to wait until after the war and a dispute erupted, which resulted in Anderson separating his men from Quantrill's band. [35] In the aftermath, rumors that the building had been intentionally sabotaged by Union soldiers spread quickly;[36] Anderson was convinced it had been a deliberate act. That being said,if you multiply 700 troops times 6 revolvers each, that comes to 4200 pistols. A State Divided: The Civil War in Missouri. The Missouri in the Civil War Message Board - Archive is maintained by Webmaster [89] In mid-September, Union soldiers ambushed two of Anderson's parties traveling through Howard County, killing five men in one day. General Orders No. Etsy Search for items or shops Close search Skip to Content Sign in 0 Cart Gifts for Every Valentine Jewelry & Accessories Historians have made disparate appraisals of Anderson; some see him as a sadistic, psychopathic killer, while others put his actions into the perspective of the general desperation and lawlessness of the time and the brutalization effect of war. [102] This was the first capture of a Union passenger train in the war. Anderson, William William T. "Bloody Bill" Anderson was born in Kentucky in 1839; he migrated with his family from Missouri to the Council Grove, Kansas area before the war. And a lot of the Cavalry didn't have sidearms early in the war. [117] However, Frank James, who participated in the attack, later defended the guerrillas' actions, arguing that the federal troops were marching under a black flag, indicating that they intended to show no mercy. The next day, the 4th Missouri Volunteer Cavalry pursued them, but Anderson launched an ambush that killed seven Union soldiers. [49], Four days after the Lawrence Massacre, on August 25, 1863, General Ewing retaliated against the Confederate guerrillas by issuing General Order No. [70] On July 15, Anderson and his men entered Huntsville, Missouri and occupied the town's business district. They attacked the fort on October 6, but the 90 Union troops there quickly took refuge inside, suffering minimal losses. William T. Anderson (1840 - October 26, 1864), better known as Bloody Bill, was one of the deadliest and most brutal pro- Confederate guerrilla leaders in the American Civil War. The order was intended to undermine the guerrillas' support network in Missouri. The Missouri Partisan Ranger Act [113] One Union officer reached Centralia and gave word of the ambush, allowing a few Union soldiers who had remained there to escape. They soon arrived at the small town of Centralia and proceeded to loot it, robbing people and searching the town for valuables. 3916.725N, 9358.603W. Marker is in Richmond, Missouri, in Ray County. Serving in the US Marine Corps in WW II, he earned a battlefield commission and decorations for valor at Guadalcanal. He sees Anderson as obsessed with, and greatly enjoying, the ability to inflict fear and suffering in his victims, and suggests he suffered from the most severe type of sadistic personality disorder. Residents. [25] Quantrill was at the time the most prominent guerrilla leader in the KansasMissouri area. 0:02. ; and Confederate Memorial State Historic Site in Higginsville, Mo. [153], Archie Clement led the guerrillas after Anderson's death, but the group splintered by mid-November. In 1976, the book was adapted into a film, The Outlaw Josey Wales, which portrays a man who joins Anderson's gang after his wife is killed by Union-backed raiders. While on public display, a local photographer documented his death. 100% heavyweight Gildan brand cotton t-shirt. II. [148] Union soldiers buried Anderson's body in a field near Richmond in a fairly well-built coffin. By Glynda July 23, 2006 at 03:01:32. CPT William T. "Bloody Bill" Anderson Famous memorial Birth 1839. The rapid rate of fire made the revolver perfect for the quick attacks executed by these men. [131] Price instructed Anderson to travel to the Missouri railroad and disrupt rail traffic,[129] making Anderson a de facto Confederate captain. He took a leading role in the Lawrence Massacre and later took part in the Battle of Baxter Springs, both in 1863. In late 1863, while Quantrill's Raiders spent the winter in Sherman, Texas, animosity developed between Anderson and Quantrill. These regiments were composed of troops from out of state, who sometimes mistreated local residents, further motivating the guerrillas and their supporters. Their families and other local Confederate sympathizers supplied them with shelter, food, medical care and tactical information about Union activities. [23] They also attacked Union soldiers, killing seven by early 1863. Stories about Anderson's brutality during the War were legion. On July 30, Anderson and his men kidnapped the elderly father of the local Union militia's commanding officer. [18], On July 2, 1862, William and Jim Anderson returned to Council Grove and sent an accomplice to Baker's house claiming to be a traveler seeking supplies. [149] Some of them cut off one of his fingers to steal a ring. After Bill Anderson's death in Richmond, Missouri on October 27, 1864 his brother Jim Anderson gathered together their surviving sisters, Mollie and Mattie and took them to Sherman, Texas. [97], On the morning of September 27, 1864, Anderson left his camp with about 75 men to scout for Union forces. As he entered the building he was restrained by a constable and fatally shot by Baker. [23], Missouri had a large Union presence throughout the Civil War, but was also inhabited by many civilians whose sympathies lay with the Confederacy. Anderson planned to destroy railroad infrastructure in Centralia, Missouri. After Frank and Jesse James joined the Anderson band, they robbed a train of $3,000 and executed 25 Union soldiers on board. I. Biographer Larry Wood claimed that Anderson's sisters aided the guerrillas by gathering information inside Union-controlled territory. The guerrillas then attacked Allen, Missouri. One dating device is the guns; they are all germane to the late 1860s and early 1870s at the . They tortured him until he was near death and sent word to the man's son in an unsuccessful attempt to lure him into an ambush, before releasing the father with instructions to spread word of his mistreatment. After he returned to Council Grove he began horse trading, taking horses from towns in Kansas, transporting them to Missouri and returning with more horses. [75] As Anderson's profile increased, he was able to recruit more guerrillas. Union troops used horses to drag Anderson's body through the streets around the Ray County Courthouse. [158] He was later discussed in biographies of Quantrill, which typically cast Anderson as an inveterate murderer. [60][61][62] They told General Cooper that Quantrill was responsible for the death of a Confederate officer; the general had Quantrill arrested. Smaller bands avoided fights with larger detachments of Union soldiers, preferring to ambush stragglers or loot Union supporters and their property. [Photo captions, clockwise from top left, read] , . They had sworn to be revenged for the death of their father, and made their troubles an excuse for the career of bushwhacking in which they engaged with the Quantrill gang. He concluded the letters by describing himself as the commander of "Kansas First Guerrillas" and requesting that local newspapers publish his replies. There he met Baker, who temporarily placated him by providing a lawyer. As armies march across America from 1861 to 1865, other combatants shot soldiers from ambush and terrorized civilians of opposing loyalties in a fierce guerrilla war. [117][118] Sutherland saw the massacre as the last battle in the worst phase of the war in Missouri,[119] and Castel and Goodrich described the slaughter as the Civil War's "epitome of savagery". They later fought under "Bloody Bill" Anderson . Quantrill attained near-unanimous consent to travel 40 miles (64km) into Union territory to strike Lawrence. The Death of William Anderson , On Oct. 27, 1864, about 300 men of the Enrolled Missouri Militia, led by Union Lt. Col. Samuel P. Cox, ambushed Anderson and his guerrilla force in Ray County's Albany, Mo. [106] Although he was alerted to the congressman's presence in the town, he opted not to search for him. Two hesitated coming down the steps. [167], In a study of 19th-century warfare, historian James Reid posited that Anderson suffered from delusional paranoia, which exacerbated his aggressive, sadistic personality. They relied on knowledge of the local terrain for survival. In September 1864, Anderson led a raid on the town of Centralia, Missouri. Anderson reached a Confederate Army camp; although he hoped to kill some injured Union prisoners there, he was prevented from doing so by camp doctors. Anderson and his men camped with at least 300 men, including Todd. [7][b] Animosity and violence between the two sides quickly developed in what was called Bleeding Kansas, but there was little unrest in the Council Grove area. A low-level conflict had already been raging in the Missouri-Kansas borderlands in the years preceding the outbreak of the Civil War. [129] Anderson presented him with a gift of fine Union pistols, likely captured at Centralia. [111] Anderson then led a charge up the hill. By the time the war started, Missouri's pro-rebel guerrillas were known as . As far as the partisans carrying extra cylinders, that is possibly a misnomer unless, they cannibalize other pistols just for the cylinders & that wouldn't make sense. [133] The group then traveled west, disregarding the mission assigned by General Price[134] in favor of looting. In June and July, Anderson took part in several raids that killed Union soldiers, in Westport, Kansas City and Lafayette County, Missouri. [1] By 1860, the young William T. Anderson was a joint owner of a 320-acre (1.3km2) property that was worth $500;[c] his family had a total net worth of around $1,000. [139][140] Anderson killed several other Union loyalists and some of his men returned to the wealthy resident's house to rape more of his female servants. [101] Anderson's men quickly took control of the train, which included 23 off-duty, unarmed Union soldiers as passengers. The trip was not successful and he returned to Missouri without the shipment, saying his horses had disappeared with the cargo. Confederate States Army. Some local citizens suspected the Anderson family was assisting Griffith and traveled to their house to confront the elder William Anderson. [43] Anderson personally killed 14 people. Often bushwhackers wore stolen Union uniforms as a disguise. After hearing of the engagement, General Fisk commanded a colonel to lead a party with the sole aim of killing Anderson. [147] Union soldiers claimed that Anderson was found with a string that had 53 knots, symbolizing each person he had killed. From the town, they saw a group of about 120 guerrillas and pursued them. William Thomas Anderson was born in Randolph County, Missouri in 1837, the exact date and location of his birth, remain uncertain. There, his men briefly engaged a group of guerrillas loyal to Quantrill, but no one was injured in the confrontation. The Fate of the Bushwhackers "An unusual event made a guerrilla out of William Anderson. After selecting a sergeant for a potential prisoner swap, Anderson's men shot the rest. Cartridge belts standard with up to 18 bullet loops in your [] On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. [161] James Carlos Blake's novel Wildwood Boys (2000) is a fictional biography of Anderson. [108] Anderson's band then rode back to their camp, taking a large amount of looted goods. [10], After the Civil War began in 1861, the demand for horses increased and Anderson transitioned from trading horses to stealing them, reselling them as far away as New Mexico. Topics and series. From Donald Hale's book " They call him Bloody Bill" it stated that Cox had sent a Lt. Baker to act as bait to lure Bill & his troops into an ambush. After the robbery, the group was intercepted by a United States Marshal accompanied by a large posse,[28] about 150 miles (240km) from the KansasMissouri border. Marker is on the Ray County Courthouse grounds. Details on John (b. Powered by Tetra-WebBBS 6.21 / TetraBB PRO 0.30 2006-2012 tetrabb.com. [76] Anderson was selective, turning away all but the fiercest applicants, as he sought fighters similar to himself. [112] Although five guerrillas were killed by the first volley of Union fire, the Union soldiers were quickly overwhelmed by the well-armed guerrillas, and those who fled were pursued.