9) Even though we dont know for sure who commissioned the Sarajevo Haggadah, it is believed that the members of the family who financed it can be seen sitting around a table in the haggadah itself. Special thanks to our many sponsors and funders. This shows that Hannah is living in her own world with her hopes and dreams. Tuesday Whenever he visits as Sephardic community, whether in Sarajevo, zmir, Thessaloniki or Plovdiv, De Lucas says he is struck by that fondness. From the Golden Haggadah, c. 1320, northern Spain, probably Barcelona ( British Library, MS. 27210, fol. In 2013 the New York Metropolitan Museum of Art attempted to arrange for a loan of the Haggadah, but due to internal political battles within Bosnia and Herzegovina, the loan was eventually refused by Bosnia's National Monuments Preservation Commission. From marginal notations we know it was sold in northern Italy in . Hence People of the Book, a fictionalized version of the Sarajevo Haggadah's journey. The book is a fictional account of the Sarajevo Haggadah . Young people have no inclination to go to museums, he says. If you want to read about another amazing haggadah made in Barcelona in the middle of the 14th century, check out this previous Book Riot post on 10 Things You Need to Know about the Golden Haggadah. Established in 2002, the GEM Report is an editorially independent report, hosted and published by UNESCO. Last edited on 17 February 2023, at 22:16, National Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina, "The Book of Exodus: A Double Rescue in Wartime Sarajevo", "Ancient Haggadah Symbol of Peace in Battered Bosnia", Dal muft di Bosnia il dono dell'Haggadah al gran rabbinato di Israele, "Hostage to politics, glorious Sarajevo Haggadah languishes in crumbling museum", "National Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Sarajevo) - 2019 All You Need to Know BEFORE You Go (With Photos)", Sarajevo Haggadah in the Bezalel Narkiss Index of Jewish Art, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sarajevo_Haggadah&oldid=1139991639, This page was last edited on 17 February 2023, at 22:16. [5], During World War II, the manuscript was hidden from the Nazis and Ustashe by the Museum's chief librarian, Dervi Korkut, who risked his life to smuggle the Haggadah out of Sarajevo. The third part contains poetry by the most prominent Jewish poets of the Middle Ages. This is not to diminish Brookss meticulous and scholarly research, but merely to point out that the fun of this novel is in its, albeit very well-informed, guesswork. Gift of Friends of Thomas J. Watson Library. Historians believe that it was spirited out of the country by Jews expelled by the infamous edict of 1492.At one point in the 16th century, the Haggadah appeared in Italy, as evident from notes in its . The Sarajevo Haggadah comprises 142 leaves of parchment, 16.5 cm x 22.8 cm in size, made out of extraordinarily thin, bleached calf skin. At our place you can get information about where to go and what to see in our beautiful and multicultural city. Therefore all these statements show that Hannah was a very devoted ignorant and hard working girl at the start of the, The story starts with two interchangeable characters, Laila and Mariam. In May 2006, a Sarajevo publishing house Rabic Ltd., announced the forthcoming publication of 613 copies of the Haggadah on handmade parchment that attempts to recreate the original appearance of the 14th century original. Re: Sarajevo Haggadah. When offering the clasps to Hirschfeldt he says, but he could hardly reveal the fact without exposing himself as a thief (Brooks, 124) This quote reveals another aspect of Herr Mitt that he is a thief. Furthermore, on its pages one can notice that the Earth is represented as a sphere, which was a daring (and dangerous) thing to do in the 14th century when Sarajevo Haggadah was created. Feminism is the most flagrant theme in the novel; however, other themes such as the supernatural and heritage are also shown through the main character, Clara Trueba. shows the waters of the Nile turning into blood; below it is an image of the plague . Van Gogh, Peron, Thomas Edison, Shah of Iran, Joan of Arc, Mozart: Good or Bad for the Jews? The Sarajevo Haggadah is "a symbol of survival, and a symbol that inspires respect and tolerance toward different traditions and cultures," says Kljuco, who grew up in Sarajevo and remembers a . &ECU Custom Special Motorcycle Accessory If we were to pick the brightest gems from the treasure trove of material and intangible heritage kept in the National Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina, there is no way we could leave out the illuminated Jewish codex known around the world as the Sarajevo Haggadah, Including: tickets and a professional guide for the Sarajevo Haggadah. The Sarajevo Haggadah is an illuminated manuscript that contains the illustrated traditional text of the Passover Haggadah which accompanies the Passover Seder.It is one of the oldest Sephardic Haggadahs in the world, originating in Barcelona around 1350. 1478: The Washington Haggadah, so called because its home is now in Washington, D.C., bedecked with splendid multi-color art with some strange-for-our-time misogynistic twists. 3) The Sarajevo Haggadah is divided into three parts. The Sarajevo Haggadah was created in Barcelona, circa 1350, for a prominent Jewish family. The Secret Story of Sarajevo Haggadah. In the late 19th century a mysterious figure named Joseph Cohen sold the precious document to a museum in Sarajevo, where it currently resides as a treasured item of the National Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Sarajevo Haggadah. 21 day forecast key west, florida. The Sarajevo Haggadah, one of the most valuable and unique items in the collection of the National Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina, has been publicly exhibited only on very rare occasions before 2018 usually on Passover and the museums birthday for lack of appropriate conditions. Mirsad Sijari, DScActing Director of the National Museumof Bosnia and Herzegovina. Please consider making a donation to help us continue this work. 0. The book begins with our book conservator protagonist Hanna Heath's commission to work on the famous Sarajevo Haggadah, a Jewish prayer book richly illuminated in paints derived from lapis lazuli, azurite, and malachite. And despite my reservations about her storyline it was a satisfying ending to see Hanna become a person of the book herself by dropping an Australian tree seed into the pages of the Haggadah for a future conservator to find. Within days Lamija and her family were flown to safety and greeted at Ben-Gurion Airport by Prime Minister Netanyahu, who extended asylum to the family in recognition of the wartime work of her father, whose heroism saved the life of a young Jewish girl and the Sarajevo Haggadah. For example, when she would tell father, Benito the true details of history along with calling the Spaniards liars father Benito did not believe her. The Germans went to look for that officer, who had been created in the minds of Dervi and Joza, while the two of them stayed to think about what they would do with the Haggadah. This story by Adelisa Mai was originally publishedonBalkan Diskurs,a project of thePost-Conflict Research Center(PCRC). Despite its name, the Sarajevo Haggadah actually originated in Barcelona, Spain. Why? To stay independent, free, and sustainable, our community needs the help of friends and readers like you. The Sarajevo Haggadah represents an exquisite example of the medieval Hebrew illuminated and decorative art. The first 34 leaves feature 69 illuminated miniatures showing the Creation of the World, slavery in Egypt, coming out of Egypt under Moses' leadership, and beyond, all the way to the succession of Joshua, son of Nun. Rivka was supposed to be at the camp before Hannah arrived. It got its name when it was sold in 1894 to the National Museum of Sarajevo by a man named Joseph Kohen. First post, here goes! [8], In 1985 a reproduction was printed in Ljubljana, with 5,000 copies made. Musarrat Character Analysis Used with permission. Its Passover narrative is preceded by much more than a likely series of illustrations from Exodus, however. Based on human rights and fundamental freedoms, the 2005 Convention ultimately providesa new framework for informed, transparent and parti, UNESCOs e-Platform on intercultural dialogue is designed for organizations and individuals to learn from shared knowledge or experiences from infl. Riedlmayer, Andras (2001). Becky was rejected. [13], .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}435117.94N 18248.19E / 43.8549833N 18.4022750E / 43.8549833; 18.4022750Coordinates: 435117.94N 18248.19E / 43.8549833N 18.4022750E / 43.8549833; 18.4022750. Adviser for culture and religion Association of Jewish communities of Bosnia and Herzegovina. To recovery and beyond:The report takes stock of the global progress on the adoption and implementation of legal guarantees on Access to Informati, Addressing culture as a global public good. . sarajevo haggadah clasps. After surviving both world wars, the . We also offer all handmade souvenirs, made by the local Jewish community members. 12 verso) For the last and most terrible in a series of miraculous plagues that ultimately convinced the Egyptian Pharaoh to free the Jewsthe death of the first born sons of EgyptMoses commanded the Jews to paint a red mark on their doors. The first part consists of 34 pages with a total of 69 illuminated miniatures depicting Biblical events from the Creation to slavery in Egypt to the succession of Joshua after the death of Moses. People of the Book is a 2008 historical novel by Geraldine Brooks. The "complex and moving" (The New Yorker) novel by Pulitzer Prize winner Geraldine Brooks follows a rare manuscript through centuries of exile and war.Inspired by a true story, "People of the Book" is a novel of sweeping historical grandeur and intimate emotional intensity by an acclaimed and beloved author. Its history has been fictionalized by author Geraldine Brooks in her novel People of the Book. 1. An incomparable work of art appraised at $700 million, its wine-stained pages indicate that it was more than a precious . The Floersheim Haggadah was created in fifteenth-century Germany, written on and bound in vellum with gold tooling. Resplendent in deep blues, brilliant yellows and alluring reds, the 14th century Sarajevo Haggadah was created during the halcyon days of la convivencia, or coexistence, when Jews, Muslims and Christians lived together in Spain in relative peace. In other words, this is what I mean we have been told that our men came in peace, but that the Mexicans responded in bad faith, that you instead attacked slyly and in treachery. No! 55, 2006, by David Arnow. It still remains unclear whether we will ever learn the date and place of the book's making, the symbol of liberation, which has also become a symbol . She is pushed into society 's expectations of women 's roles and the pressure to satisfy society rather than herself. 4) The Sarajevo Haggadah was made in Barcelona around the year 1350. The illustrious "Sarajevo Haggadah," an illuminated manuscript of the Seder liturgy, and one of the oldest physical Haggadah texts still in existence, was most likely written in Spain in the . The Sarajevo Haggadah came, as many Jewish and Moorish refugees fleeing the Spanish Inquisition, via Italy, to a tolerant Bosnia & Herzegovina, (BiH). SHARES . This is not, as one review I read claimed, a novel so far from fact it is in the leagues of novels where the Confederacy win the American Civil War. I like pointing out falsities and anachronism in historical fiction as much as the next person (you should have seen me when I first watched The Crucible) but accuracy was never the point of this novel. This was especially true when I visited Dubrovnik, Croatia which still shows the scars of the war which ravaged the region in the 1990s and tore apart former Yugoslavia, a war which provides the setting for Hannas first encounter with the Haggadah in Bosnia. The first 34 leaves feature 69 illuminated miniatures showing the Creation of the World, slavery in . The Sarajevo Haggadah belongs to the most famous and most beautiful Hebrew illuminated manuscripts from the Middle Ages in the world. As she works on the manuscript in Sarajevo under the watchful eye of the United Nations in the middle of the Bosnian War, she finds small clues in the books pages and bindings that offer a glimpse into its past. On the museums birthday and for European Museum Night, I see the same friends who sometimes manage to bring some other people. According to reliable accounts, it was hidden in a mosque in one of the Muslim villages on Mt Bjelanica, where it stayed until the end of World War II. The Sarajevo Haggadah, the 14th century illuminated manuscript spirited out of Catalonia after the Edict of Expulsion of 1492, enriches and amplifies our understanding of the term 'diaspora.'1 . Gitl was supposed to be related to Hannah, not Rivka. With funding in hand and with Dr. Pataki, from Stuttgarts Akademie Der Bildenden Knste, ready to begin the restoration project a climate-controlled room was refurbished in Sarajevos National Museum to house the Haggadah as the centerpiece, surrounded by documents of the Catholic, Orthodox and Muslim faiths. As a reader, I personally would have preferred much more of Vistorini and Zahra and the like than Hannas quest to find herself by studying indigenous cave paintings in the Australian outback. The last four miniatures are an exception, in that they are not biblical in character. Mittls doctor, a Jew, suggests a possible cure for Mittls condition, but Mittl cannot pay the amount. The story of this book inspired Geraldine Brooks, the Pulitzer Prize-winning author, to trace the tortuous and terrifying travels of the Sarajevo Haggadah in her 2008 novel "People of the Book." Its monetary value is undetermined, but a museum in Spain required that it be insured for $7 million before it could be transported to an exhibition there in 1992. On first impression, she seems to be a lost cause clinging to any sense of normal life she has left; however, at the end of the novel, Musarrat becomes the unsung hero offering a glimmer of hope for the wretched city of Kabul. How and when the haggadah made its way from Italy to Sarajevo in Bosnia is not known. It has Bosnian nafaka (blind luck), Bear says vividly. The National Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina edited a new reprint of the Sarajevo Haggadah and presented it to the public on 1st February 2019, during the exhibition titled The Three Lives of Sarajevo Haggadah, organised on the occasion of the 131st Anniversary of the museum, with the support of UNESCO and the United States Embassy in Bosnia and Herzegovina. For more information please read our Fundraising Ethics Policy. In the poem War Photographer we come to know about the human conditions in war. A fervent advocate of the multi-ethnic culture of Sarajevo, he predicted that the Nazis would seize the Haggadah for the bizarre Museum of Jewish Civilization in Prague that Hitler had planned in future commemoration of the destruction of the Jewish people. Now though, it is a prisoner of . Hannah realized that she has a great talent and she can become a famous concert pianist one day. Their connection with the rulers of the Kingdom of Aragon is evidenced by the heraldic crests found on the title page. Its origin and journey to Sarajevo, where it has been housed by the National Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina since the end of the 19th . At the center of this annual celebration is taking turns reading from a book called a haggadah. Here are ten things you need to know about the Sarajevo Haggadah. The story focuses on imagined events surrounding the protagonist and real historical past of the still extant Sarajevo Haggadah, one of the oldest surviving Jewish illuminated texts. sarajevo haggadah clasps sarajevo haggadah clasps. "The Haggadah is a kind of symbol of that and a symbol that can help Spanish people today understand that Sephardic Jews aren't characters from 16th- and 17th-century literature, but people who still exist and often live in communities that are . Groundwater, making the invisible visible. The Haggadah was then sent from Sarajevo to Vienna for analysis and returned to Bosnia and Herzegovina, with certain vicissitudes, after a few years. National Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina / All Rights Reserved. Haggadot were especially important during the ceremonial family dinner the Seder, when all household members and guests, book in hand, read or followed the accounts of the journey to freedom and everything else that was connected, in a ceremonial sense, with that well-known Old Testament story. Show More. Proclaimed a movable national monument by Bosnia and Herzegovina in 2003, it was registered by UNESCO as documentary heritage to the Memory of the World Register in 2017, providing recognition to its importance worldwide. The museum took heavy shelling then, from which it has still not recovered. The premise is captivating - a 500-year-old haggadah is found in Sarajevo in 1996, and the novel sets out to explore the book's journey across Europe in those intervening years. Nanette Stahl from Yale University summarizes the role of the Haggadah: "The Haggadah is a timeless book; it has given voice to the hopes and dreams of Jews throughout the generations. He is entrusted with the rebinding of the Haggadah, the first work he has received in weeks. It has been long time since the middle of the 14th century, the golden age of Spain when the amazing and incomparable Sarajevo Haggadah was created. Its home is theNational Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina, which the Haggadah has had to leave several times in order to be preserved. For almost 70 years,the UNESCO Courierhas served as a platform for international debates on issues that concern the entire planet. The stories and poems of the first section are set in rural Georgia and describe the lives of African American woman. The writer . At great personal risk, Korkut smuggled the slim book out of the Museum and deposited it with an Imam, who hid the books in the library of a mosque outside of Sarajevo, returning it after the war. Has life is turned inside out and back again. Notice the wine stains and hand-written commentaries, indicating the haggadah having been in extensive use during Passover celebrations. 0. Others are a mixture of history and fiction, including the butterfly wings left when the Haggadah was hidden from the Nazis by a Sarajevan Muslim during World War Two and stowed away in the mountains, and the clasps stolen by an ailing bookbinder in 1894 Vienna. It survived in an underground bank vault during the Siege of Sarajevo by Serb forces. At a young age, she was forced to marry a severely abusive man named. The original measurements of the Sarajevo Haggadah are unknown. Njemake vojne snage su po cijeloj Evropi sakupljale jevrejske umjetnine kako bi formirali muzej unitene civilizacije. [12], However, the Haggadah was again on display as of September 2015, following the National Museum's re-opening. Share on Facebook. The novel People of the Book, by Geraldine Brooks (2008), crafts a fictionalised history of the Haggadah from its origins in Spain to the museum in Sarajevo. sarajevo haggadah clasps are the springboard for Geraldine Brooks's panoramic third novel, "People of the Book." . In May 2006, the Sarajevo publishing house Rabic Ltd., announced the forthcoming publication of 613 copies of the Haggadah on handmade parchment that attempts to recreate the original appearance of the 14th century original, alluding to the 613 Mitzvot.[9]. Lost amidst hundreds of refugees in a strange land, with no one to turn to for assistance, Lamija realized one of the family heirlooms she saved was a creased photocopy of the certificate her parents had received from Yad Vashem. Then, in 1941, Nazi Germany occupied Bosnia and Herzegovina and, with the help of thepuppet regime the Nazis had installed in Croatia, perpetrated the Holocaust against Bosnian Jews. Some mysteries remain opaque, such as the identity of the dark-skinned woman at the all-female Seder table. Book begins in the present day with Hanna Heath, a 30-year-old Australian book restorer called to Sarajevo . The haggadah also survived the 1992 siege of Sarajevo by being stored in an underground vault. The Haggadah is a written collection of religious precepts and traditions used to mark Passover, the holiday which celebrates the liberation of the Jewish people from Egyptian slavery. On December 14, 1994, Yad Vashem recognised Dervis and Servet Korkut as Righteous Among the Nations. Kada ga je tadanji direktor muzeja Joza Petrovi obavjestio da su stigli Nijemci, on je Hagadu sakrio u pantalone i rekao da su je predali drugom oficiru to jutro. I guess a novel about the long and arduous journey of a 15th century Jewish prayer book isnt your typical holiday reading. Richard McBee - 30 Nisan 5763 - May 2, 2003. The amazing story of the 700 year old Haggadah, the Muslim librarian who saved it from the Nazis, and how his children were miraculously saved by Israel. The Haggadah is owned by the National Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Sarajevo. The Haggadah introduces the reader to a multitude of characters living in very different times. Haggadah in Hebrew . By. This woman could be a family member, or a Jewish acquaintance, from either Maghreb or Ethiopia. Photograph by Midhat Poturovi/Transitions, used with permission. In 1492, when Spain expelled the country's Jews, a refugee brought the book to Italy. Join us and leave your mark ! The universal refugee experience is an umbrella term used to describe the myriad of trials and tribulations refugees endure as they move to a foreign place. Mariam is the banished child, due to Nana and Jalil having intercourse while unmarried, resulting in Mariam being illegitimate. If we were to pick the brightest gems from the treasure trove of material and intangible heritage kept in the National Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina, there is no way we could leave out the illuminated Jewish codex known around the world as the Sarajevo Haggadah. Mittls stealing of the clasps is inexcusable, and the Haggadah acts as a vessel for the reader to better understand Mittls, Dennis Kelly uses pathetic fallacy in the setting of Leahs monologue to describe how open she is as a person. When Mittl sells the clasps from the Haggadah he reveals that this is not true and that he is immoral. Brookss guesswork is, however, researched as thoroughly as many scholarly papers. Only after informing President Itzobegovic of their obstructionism and letting him know that the International Community would take a dim view of their total lack of cooperation in the restoration efforts did President Izetbegovic clear the way for the restoration project to begin. blood droplets, salt crystals, traces of now-missing clasps and a single white hair. Introduction. Email: sarajevo@haggadah.org.ba, Monday Related. Information about historical places connected to a 500 years old Jewish History in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Its pages are stained with wine, evidence that it was used at many Passover Seders. When Hanna first encounters Michael, she makes a friendly gesture by taking care of Michael after he has vomited. Before Ha had to flee Saigon, she was headstrong and selfish, but she was also a girl who loved her mother and couldn't wait to grow up. In the spring of 1942 he hid an orphaned Jewish girl in his home, telling his wife Servet to pretend she was, perhaps like the mysterious woman in the Haggadah, a Muslim servant. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Global Voices is supported by the efforts of our volunteer contributors, foundations, donors and mission-related services. We bring people and nations together through education, culture and science. Almost 60 years later, Sarajevo was once again engulfed in violence. It suggests the tragedy will always continue and it is definitely inescapable. The author expertly describes events Laila and Mariam encountered within their everyday lives that has either affected them or helped them progress and deal with the modern rules for women rooted within Afghanistan. The book begins with our book conservator protagonist Hanna Heaths commission to work on the famous Sarajevo Haggadah, a Jewish prayer book richly illuminated in paints derived from lapis lazuli, azurite, and malachite. These facts about the Sarajevo Haggadah both those inferred through research and analysis as well as those known to us from the notes on its pages and through traditional stories that have followed this book for decades make it a priceless resource for studying the cultural history of a nation in century-long pursuit of homeland. Lifelong learning is key to overcoming global challenges and to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Incidentally the novels focus on the historical relationships between Jewish, Christian and Muslim communities in Europe provided an insightful and sombering backdrop to my gallivanting around the region on holiday. [1], The Sarajevo Haggadah is handwritten on bleached calfskin and illuminated in copper and gold. Geraldine Brooks got the idea for her new book, "People of the Book: A Novel," while covering the Bosnian war as a foreign correspondent. Convivencia under Fire: Genocide and Book Burning in Bosnia, 266-291 (ch.XIV) in Rose, Jonathan. The Floersheim Haggadah. Inaugurated in Sarajevo, the exhibition curated by Aleksandra Buni and Mirsad Sijari follows the story and journey of the manuscript from the medieval Kingdom of Aragon all the way to Sarajevo, where the manuscript has been safeguarded by the National Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina since the end of the 19th century. The National Museum found itself on the front lines of the war and suffered severe damage. Curator Dervi Korkut a learned man was in charge of it. There is a brief mention of the manuscript in the motion picture Welcome to Sarajevo. It probably left the Iberian Peninsula along with the Jews exiled by the Alhambra Decree of 1492, and a Church censors notation dated 1609 indicates that it somehow passed the scrutiny of the Inquisition in Italy. The novel is long with its 432 pages filled with fascinating fiction, but worth the read. In the movie this isnt shown. This is shown in the beginning when Hannahs dad wants Hannah to tell Aaron a story to calm him down. It leaves a reliable trace in history again in 1894, when the National Museum purchased it from the Sarajevan Sephardic family Koen for the sum of 150 crowns. Roman Emperor Diocletian spending his twilight years in his ostentatious palace in Split and the medieval olive oil makers who later took up shop in the abandoned basement ruins of his home. At her core, Ha was a normal little girl. Dating from the early decades of the fourteenth century, the Sarajevo Haggadah is thought to have been created in Spain. 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Permanent Delegate of Bosnia and Herzegovina to UNESCO (June 2022), Print and Online Media Council in Bosnia and Herzegovina adapts its press code to digital journalism, RFP Social Media 4 Peace: Enhanced promotion and support of peacebuilding narratives and initiatives through digital technologies and social media in Bosnia and Herzegovina (deadline : 28 January 2022), OIC : Supply and delivery of information-communication technologies equipment (notebook computers) for education institutions (Deadline : 10 January 2022), Selma Selmans artistic expression empowering Roma women and girls in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Reimagining Education for Marginalized Girls and Boys during and post COVID-19 in Bosnia and Herzegovina, 16 days of activism against gender-based violence: female-artists from South-East Europe, Culture Territory project, Office of International Standards and Legal Affairs, Protection of human rights (Procedure 104). The Sarajevo Haggadah The Choice Of Images. She takes real pages and features of the Haggadah and develops stories around them to bring to life the people who handled this resplendent manuscript. A note entered in 1609 says that the book does not contain anything directed against the Church, probably the result of a content check by the Roman Inquisition. At first, they offered it to various Jewish associations, but nobody could afford it. 21/12/2021. What's great about Passover is that everyone can choose the Haggadah-and supplemental materials-that resonate with them.. There's an almost endless supply of old and new Haggadahs to .
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