For instance, he relates that I once won two weeks at an interfaith boarding camp, where I was sadistically beaten by kids of all races and colors. Another time he got a job where he was paid to look Jewish. One of the things I think they did very wisely was to incorporate the lessons of Lenny Bruce, who is a character on the show and who was really one of the main characters in American comedy, to say, Look, you have to express your own personal truth in your comedy. But it almost certainly also died of acceptance and assimilation. Later, as super-hip jazz musician "Cool Cees" in television skits, he played tenor saxophone, and sang with the satirical trio "The Hair Cuts" . A woman rushes to him and cradles his head in her lap, asking, Are you comfortable? The man answers, I make a decent living.. A religious Jew will be more offended by jokes attacking beliefs sacred to her or him than less religious Jews who might enjoy the same jokes. But most Jews have a swimming pool., His acerbic wit covers politics as well: People say I shouldnt pick on Nixon. It doesnt matter even if youre Catholic; if you live in New York, youre Jewish. Comedian Freddie Roman dies at 85 | wfaa.com But Jewish humor, even in a distilled form, will remain one of the most succinct methods of transmitting history and culture. You have probably heard at least one: Q,What does a JAP make for dinner? AReservations.. Thus the popularity of jokes like: How many Zionists does it take to replace a light bulb? [30][31][32], Between 2013 and 2018 the decaying state of the abandoned resorts was captured by several ruins photographers:[33][34][23][35], As of the 2010s, the region is a summer home for many Orthodox Jewish families. Theres a lot of movement. And not only food: frequently there must be a beveragewith a real religious parableA boy asks Rabbi Mendel Kotzker, Where does God live? The rabbi answers, Wherever He is admitted. . Comedian Robert Klein has fashioned much of his humor from his own background. His fast-talking, yeshiva-bocher chanting and sing-song delivery, his Eastern Ashkenazi English accent, his gestures, facial expressions and intonations all add vital elements to his jokes. Beginning in the 1980s the growth of air travel made the Catskills less attractive. Thats right, he chuckles, theres always two Jews who get excited when you say that. The comic received a 1987 special Tony Award for his highly successful solo effort Jackie Masons The World According to Me!, which ran for 573 performances. The Pines Hotel golf course was converted into a Jewish religious housing site. New York City would bake in the summer. Should a Jewish joke be based in Jewish history? Theres no boardwalk . From Billy Crystal to Robin Williams to the grandfather of them all, Mel Brooks 2,000-Year-Old Man, the Jewish accent has become a standard. Jews somehow think that if its Jewish its got no class, he says.Why do you think that in Miami everybody is named Goldberg or Horowitz, but every building they live in is called the Condominium of the la tres de la mer? . "Railways began cutting service to the area, the popularity of air travel increased, and a younger generation of Jewish-Americans chose other leisure destinations. [23] More women remained in the workforce after marriage and could not take off for the entire summer to relocate to the Catskillls. Their common experience was fodder for Edward Israel Iskowitz, rebranded as Eddie Cantor; Nathan Birnbaum, reborn as George Burns; and Benjamin Kubelsky, who emerged as Jack Benny. In fact, in a recent announcement, director Billy Wilder said that he is considering remaking his movie, One, Two, Three, with Jackie Mason in the role that James Cagney had in what was Cagneys last part before his comeback in Ragtime. Freddie Roman, stand-up staple of Borscht Belt circuit, dies at 85 But Bruce was one of the most perceptive comedians of his generation. He defended his caricature again and again by saying it was his right to be politically incorrect, but they certainly did not endear him to minority groups. Mel Brooks sees the Jewish accent as a way to preserve a fading culture. The Flagler Hotel, Nemerson, Schenk's and Windsor Hotels in South Fallsburg, and the Stevensville Hotel in Swan Lake, were converted into Jewish religious summer camps. A character in the movie My Favorite Tear noted that Jews know two things: suffering and where to find good Chinese food. The most famous of the female borscht belt comedians, the 4-foot-11 Fields began working the Catskills and Boston burlesque joints in the '40s, while she was still a teenager. Perelman before him, is aware that humor often parodies profundity. For the charming but skin-deep documentary When Comedy Went to School, filmmakers Mevlut Akkaya and Ron Frank gained enviable access to pioneer stars of Borscht Belt standup.. Ah, mon Dieu, comme je suffre! The husband jumps up, but the obstetrician reassures him: Thats nothing; lets play on. A little while later the woman in labor is heard again. So you had just a tremendous amount of food there, and then secondly, though not secondarily, was the entertainment. I thought that they were Puerto Ricans. Freddie Roman, a Borscht Belt staple whose comedy was long a part of the Friars Club roasts and was a fixture in big nightclubs, has died at 85. Borscht Belt, or Jewish Alps, is a nickname for the (now mostly defunct) summer resorts of the Catskill Mountains in parts of Sullivan, Orange and Ulster counties in New York. Mel Brooks Actor | Spaceballs Borscht Belt comedian is a crossword puzzle clue that we have spotted 1 time. Finally, we will solve this crossword puzzle clue and get the correct word. And you know what the Jews will say? he asks, Too Jewish.. He made his Broadway debut in 1969 with the play A Teaspoon Every Four Hours, which he co-wrote. You have all of these people who are saying that this is where you can not only get your break, because you have a lot of people watching you, but also you can hone your act in certain ways. Come, Comrade worker. Our weekly email is chockful of interesting and relevant insights into Jewish history, food, philosophy, current events, holidays and more Mark Miller has held positions as a nationally syndicated humor columnist for the Los Angeles Times, an interviewer and humor blogger for The Huffington Post (along with a wealth of other publications), a TV sitcom staff writer/producer, a stand-up comic in nightclubs and on TV, and a writer for comedians such as Jay Leno, Dana Carvey, Roseanne Barr, Rodney Dangerfield, and Jim Carrey. She asks, The boy says, "I play the part of the Jewish husband. The so-called Borscht Belt featured comedians such as Don Rickles and Mel Brooks, the AP reported. He has kept the nostalgia of the period alive over the course of his career, and is known for quoting Tragedy is when I cut my finger. Borscht Belt - TV Tropes Up here! Officials of the state Department of Health ordered the property evacuated in July 2009, citing health and safety violations. The name is a play on existing colloquial names for other American regions (such as the Bible Belt and Rust Belt). Do you think we can still see evidence of that place and time in comedy today, or just ways it influenced the larger American comedy scene? Talent like Sid Caesar, Mickey Freeman and Jackie Mason were all influenced by Borscht Belt humor, followed decades later by Jerry Seinfeld and comedians for whom the word 'Catskills" conjures memories of casinos, dancing, stage lights and laughter. Borscht Belt - Wikipedia Good Jewish humor is immediately distinguishable. The gender dynamics of the whole thing are so interesting the idea of a family being able to go away for two months depends on women not working. A more serious analysis, suggested by Moshe Waldoks, co-editor of. Most Borscht Belt resorts hosted traveling Jewish comedians and musicians, and many who later became famous began their careers there. Who do you think drove the Jewish tanks in that war? Culture Comedy Sean Hannity The Simpsons. You can unsubscribe at any time. Now, when a comedian makes it, the possibilities are limitless. Some Borsht Belt comedians like Jerry Lewis came from entertainment families who lived and breathed showbiz. Today they go to Broadway. The trajectory of his life was amazing. As psychoanalyst Martin Grotjahn wrote, You do not need to attack us. Originally confined to places like Long Island, these jokes, and the term JAP, have disseminated throughout the nation. Still, after the slow exodus away from the Catskills, the slice of Jewish history that made up the Borscht Belt survives mostly in the comedy that prevails in other places. [26], The Heiden Hotel in South Fallsburg, which was the location of the movie Sweet Lorraine starring Maureen Stapleton, was destroyed by fire in May 2008. Theyre being ironed out by history, because there are no more Jewish immigrants. Those snappy jokes and put-downs with their Yiddishisms, their homey feel and their often Jewish orientation? Much of Jewish humor makes fun of intellectual traditions, perhaps because Jews have always been so disproportionately represented in these activities. The hordes cheered and Stalin read the historic cable aloud: YOU WERE RIGHT AND I WAS WRONG. Another source also confirms that "cheap air travel suddenly allowed a new generation to visit more exotic and warmer destinations". For Jerry Klinger, preserving the history of the Borscht Belt isn't about nostalgia for summers past. BORSCHT BELT COMEDY! What's Old Is New Again Izzy, kum avek fun ihr . [1], A 2019 review of the history is more specific: "in its heyday, as many as 500 resorts catered to guests of various incomes". Comedian David Steinberg has his own production company, which makes television commercials. The idea was opposed by local officials. Allens debt to the Jewish intellectual and religious tradition is extensive. I say its syphilis. But even Roth, who has often been labeled the bad-boy of Jewish writing since Portnoy uttered his first dirty word, has written, I have always been far more pleased by my good fortune in being born a Jew than my critics may begin to imagine. . One by one, resorts, hotels and bungalows closed their doors. Whether this affinity happens to be based on stereotypes doesnt matter. What the Catskills was, it will never be again. Top photo: Comedian Jackie Mason in 2006. Credit Wikimedia. [11], Borscht Belt hotels, bungalow colonies, summer camps, and kuchaleyns (a Yiddish name for self-catered boarding houses) flourished. Christians are lucky, because your God, the Christian God, is all over, he said. The property was sold in May 2019 to Hudson Valley Holding Co. LLC. He was 85. Their common experience was fodder for Edward Israel Iskowitz, rebranded as Eddie Cantor; Nathan Birnbaum, reborn as George Burns; and Benjamin Kubelsky, who emerged as Jack Benny. Everybody and everything is fair game. Freddie Roman dies: Borscht Belt comedian, Friars Club dean dead at 85 An all star lineup of today's funniest comedians performing old school comedic styles of Borscht Belt Comedy! He also appeared as himself in a 2007 episode of 30 Rock.". Rather, they are proud of the characteristics that differentiate Jew from gentile. He also came up with the idea of "Catskills on Broadway," where he brought his standup. Between 1930 and 1960, the Borscht Belt resorts offered primarily young men (and some women, notably Molly Picon and Fanny Brice) a ticket into the middle class and a chance to reinvent themselves without abandoning their roots in vaudeville and Yiddish theater. Perhaps it was natural for him to go into comedy. For the ages! Borscht belt Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster He said, 'All right, you're ugly too! Within that relatively small area of bad farmland in New Yorks Sullivan County, nestled in the Catskill Mountains, the famed Borscht Belt emerged. Borscht Belt comedian - Crossword clues & answers - Global Clue I agree with that 100%. An unexpected error has occurred with your sign up. What do you think Jews talk about for breakfast? But he says hed trade all his success away in a minute for immortality, inner peace and limitless wealth. In Jewish tradition, the fetus is not considered viable until it graduates from medical school. Why do Jewish divorces cost so much? The Jew with the dialect, who is not quite American, can say almost anything and it will come out humorous., At the same time, Yiddish is one of the best ways to express ideas and feelings for which there are no fitting English words. [29], Many Buddhist and Hindu retreat centers have been constructed on the land or in the restored buildings of former camps or resorts to serve adherents in New York City, the establishment of which has then drawn even more temples and centers to the area. Careers were made on the stages of legendary Catskills resorts like the Concord and Grossingers, and nearly every Jewish comic of the time performed at one of the areas many hot spots. The bungalows usually included I've been in love with the same woman for 49 years! Absolutely. He was still writing. Comrades! 'When Comedy Went to School' Travels to the Borscht Belt - The New York As a result, there were a lot of hotels and places in the Catskills that were restricted, that did not allow Jews to come, and so the Jews essentially said, Well create our own hotels that will be welcoming to Jews. He was 85. For an aging crowd often ignored by the entertainment industry, the comedians refusal to be modern and his mockery of modern ways may be a comforting show of solidarity., Its harder to be amused, Variety continued, when Mason turns to minority groups. Does it have to be told by a Jew? According to Carolines Comedy Club in New York City, generally considered to be one of the top clubs in the country, many of todays young comedians still are Jewish. Puerto Ricans. Often displaced, persecuted and excluded, the Catskills became a mecca not only for Jews in need of a holiday, but also for Jewish comedians looking to strike it big. The former Gilbert's Hotel and Brickman Hotel are not part of the Siddha Yoga SYDA complex. Did you ever see anybody afraid to walk into a Jewish neighborhood because he might get killed by an accountant?. Like in the vaudeville circuits or in baseball, you had bigger leagues and smaller leagues, and you were either playing at the big hotels or the small hotels and you could work your way up. Grossingers, which shuttered in 1986, still sits abandoned in the town of Liberty. Directed by Mevlut Akkaya, Ron Frank. But Mason and a host of other comics like him are not self-hating Jews. July 30, 2013. The proliferation of comedy clubs affords the rising comic the chance to display and hone his or her skills, much the same as the Catskills once did. If you live in New York or any other big city you are Jewish. [27], The Stevensville Hotel in Swan Lake, owned by the family of accused Bernard Madoff accomplice David G. Friehling, reopened as the Swan Lake Resort Hotel. But you read it without the right feeling. Whereupon Stalin raised his hand and stilled the crowd. I took my mother-in-law to the airport. There was a lot of moving around back and forth and also between hotels people would watch each others acts. Mason owes much of his success to his audience, a group composed of the suburban, nouveau riche Jews he parodies. Michael Rosenwald 11/30/2022. [15] The hotel burned to the ground in 1973. (Photo courtesy of Coolcota.com .) Yes, its said that the name was coined by the editor of Variety, a guy named Abel Green, who called it the Borscht Belt. People are often brought together when they share common interests or a common culture, but few things bond more strongly than shared pain. Robert Klein hosts a cable television show. Its the sound I was brought up on, and its dying. Frequently the accent itself gets the laughs and not what is being said. Younger Jewish vacationers found that they could meet each other more easily in New York City, and when the cost of air travel dipped, trips to locations like Florida and the Caribbean became more favorable destinations. Guests danced the night away, live bands played music for the Mambo, and Yiddish was spoken frequently. Connect Wallet. [2] These resorts, and also the Borscht Belt bungalow colonies, were a popular vacation spot for New York City Jews from the 1920s through the 1960s. Mason died at Mount Sin As Jews climbed into the middle-class, they escaped the stress of city life to summer in the Catskills. Mason is survived by his wife, Jyll Rosenfeld, whom he married in 1991, and a daughter. American Jewish life in the postwar period is still in certain ways about reinvention, about making yourself into something different. They're worth it. After a while the womans cries reach the men. It may ultimately be impossible to fully understand the unique alchemy that gave rise to the Jewish Catskills resorts experience. You have all of these great figures who are appearing, who have appeared, by this time or at this time people like Eddie Cantor, Milton Berle, Henny Youngman, Jackie Mason, even a young Jerry Lewis. Jackie Mason Dead: Controversial Comedian Was 93 - Variety Comedian and actor Jackie Mason, shown in 1963, died at age 93 on Saturday in Manhattan, New York. He had knowledge in different fields.". A most historic event! In the 1960 film Murder, Inc., Walter Sage (Morey Amsterdam) is shown performing at the fictional Ribbon Lodge in the Catskills. From Woody Allen to Alan King, from Morey Amsterdam to Zero Mostel, from the Marx Brothers to the Ritz Brothers, Jews have disproportionately dominated the field. We can do that ourselves, and even better. Even Albert Einstein realized the unique consequences of being a Jew: If my theory is proven correct, he said, Germany will claim me as a German and France will declare that I am a citizen of the world. In the film Sleepers, a poster for Sonny Liston is seen on the wall of Robert De Niro's apartment and shows the Pines Resort in Fallsburg, New York as the location of the fight. A Jewish boy comes home from school and tells his mother he has a part in the play. Thats something I felt was very powerful in the first season of the show. Its also an interesting dynamic with the men who were not at the Catskills and the men who were working the Catskills. Mason made several appearances on The Ed Sullivan Show during the 1960s, but his relationship with Sullivan soured over Mason possibly having given the finger to Sullivan during one show; Mason sued Sullivan for libel and won, and the publicity helped his career at the time. Why is a Borscht Belt comedian playing to standing-room-only crowds on Broadway in 1988? In the 1976 film The Front, set in 1953, comedian Hecky Brown (Zero Mostel), harassed by HUAC, has an ill-fated gig in the Catskills. Originally confined to places like Long Island, these jokes, and the term JAP, have disseminated throughout the nation. And even if that type of holiday has faded from fashion, the impact of the Catskills can still be felt throughout American comedy. Mason was one of the last of the Borscht Belt comedians, and he married that sensibility to strong views on . The Borscht Belt, or Jewish Alps, is a colloquial term for the mostly defunct summer resorts of the Catskill Mountains in parts of Sullivan, Orange, and Ulster counties in the U.S. state of New York, straddling both Upstate New York and the northern edges of the New York metropolitan area. Borscht Belt comedian Freddie Roman dies at age 85 While not a particularly sophisticated form of humor, stereotypes and parodies have always been an essential part of comedy. These differences explain why some Jews love Mel Brooks and others are embarrassed by antics like dancing Nazis that are part of his movies. The actual Borscht Belt is a region in the Catskill Mountains of upstate NY that was a popular resort destination in the 1920s through the 1980s. Should my theory prove untrue, France will say that I am a German and Germany will declare that I am a Jew.. Borscht Belt comedian Freddie Roman dies at age 85 By LINDSEY BAHR November 27, 2022 Comedian Freddie Roman, the former dean of The Friars Club and a staple of the Catskills comedy scene, has died. He was ordained as a rabbi there had been many in his family but ultimately resigned from his post at a synagogue to become a comedian. Check here if you would like to receive subscription offers and other promotions via email from TIME group companies. Characters inspired by Borscht Belt comics include Billy Crystal's Buddy Young Jr. from Mr. Saturday Night and Robert Smigel's Triumph the Insult Comic Dog. Hes on crucifixes all over. The Borscht Belt attracted Jewish families who were excluded from other destinations for many years, particularly during the 1930s. Immigrants had memories of hunger, and in the Catskills, the food seemed limitless". The hotel offers year-round holiday packages that attract a predominantly Jewish clientele to enjoy entertainment such asmusical performances in Yiddish. The disintegration of Grossingers. Bnai Brith is goyish. How does this particular region become part of the history of Jewish comedy? . Structurally, because of just the supply and demand issue, there were a tremendous number of comedians and variety performers who got their training and developed their sensibilities in this hothouse. Mason was one of the last of the Borscht Belt comedians, and he married that sensibility to strong views on racial and ethnic politics. The doctor suggests to the husband that they wait in the other room and play cards, since it is not yet time. Your email address will not be published. Even the widespread appearance of air-conditioned hotels across America drew customers away from the aging resorts primarily built before this innovation became popular. Borscht Belt Comedy. If you look at the lists of the people who appear, you dont see that many women at all. Said Goodman . By Nicole Herrington. The decline of the Catskills resorts was apparent as early as 1965. If youve ever read Herman Wouks Marjorie Morningstar, its dated but its in some ways the best evocation of that world. Inevitably, his barbs are about the foolishness of those who are not like himself and his aging, Jewish fanbase.. He brought an early version of his insult-heavy humor to a Borscht Belt hotel in the mid-50s, but the audience was not ready for the sort of comedy that Don Rickles would later make more acceptable. I found a quote from Rand McNallys Guide to the Hudson River that says that Tannersville, one of these areas, was a great resort of our Israelite breathren. Not everybody was crazy about this. This, before he was expelled for cheating on a metaphysics final: He looked into the soul of the boy sitting next to him. He was 85. In the second season of Amazons award-winning 1950s-set comedy The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel, the show takes its protagonist away from the Manhattan milieu where her journey from housewife to comedienne began. Understandable . When the police would stand in front of the stage and wait for him to swear so they could arrest him, Bruce would begin swearing in Yiddish. He was 85. His audience loves the insults, the outrageousness, the rapid-fire jokes, the Jewish accent, the Yiddish words and, most of all, the subject matter they feel a part of. The Borscht Belt stretches through several counties in the Catskill mountains, including Sullivan, Ulster and Orange. [17], Folk dancing party at Menges' Lakeside, 1977, According to Time, "the Borscht Belt resorts reached their peak in the 1950s and 60s, accommodating up to 150,000 guests a year" but the start of a decline was apparent by the late 1960s. This was a very established institution by this point. Jackie Mason, one of the last borscht belt comedians, dies at 93 He embraced Jewish themes and political incorrectness, achieving a national profile through a series of successful one-man shows. One book about the era said that the Catskills "became one great marriage broker". So I think the Borscht Belt was a place where you had a way of saying, How do I express Jewish comedy in this way? The (Elegant, Brazen, Brainy) Pioneering Women of Comedy [13], Resorts of the area included Avon Lodge, Brickman's, Brown's, Butler Lodge, The Concord, Grossinger's, Granit, the Heiden Hotel, Irvington, Kutsher's Hotel and Country Club, the Nevele, Friar Tuck Inn, the Laurels Hotel and Country Club, the Pines Resort, Raleigh Hotel, the Overlook, the Tamarack Lodge, Shady Nook Hotel and Country Club, Stevensville, Stier's Hotel, and the Windsor. He kills for food. Were talking about hundreds of hotels. This issue led to a need for alternatives that would readily accept Jewish families as guests. It has since finished its run in New York, but with continued performances scheduled in Chicago. There was a tremendous amount of food being served. The physician says, No , it is not time yet. At last there comes from the room the cry Ai, Ax, Oy vey ist mir! The doctor quickly throws down the cards saying, Now its time., Mason learned early in life the importance of holding an audience. His career hit its stride with his first solo effort on Broadway, Jackie Masons The World According to Me!, in 1986. A: (Sigh)"Don't bother. Long-gone Catskill resorts may be noted with historical markers By browsing this website, you agree to our use of cookies. Much of Allens humor stems from his juxtaposition of the mighty with the commonplace; the mensch with the nudnick. Comedian, saxophonist, composer, actor and musician, he performed within the orchestras of Charlie Spivak, Shep Fields and Claude Thornhill as saxophonist. Roman, the former dean of The Friars Club and a staple of the Borscht Belt comedy scene, has died. [20] A 1940 vacation travel guide published by the railroad listed hundreds of establishments that were situated at or near the railway's stations. In the Catskills or more generally, how rare would it have been for a woman like Mrs. Maisel to be in the scene at this time? The Jewish comedians who performed at these . Twenty-five years ago it couldnt have been done anywhere but the Catskills or the clubs. The difference, he noted, is that today people accept making fun of themselves. Even more surprising, the comedian is none other than Jackie Mason, the 53-year-old, fast-talking, Yiddish-spewing, often insulting social commentator and former rabbi. For instance, his parents values were God and carpeting. But Allen, like Max Shulman and S.J. Roman died Saturday afternoon at . His first book, a collection of his humor essays on dating and romance, is 500 Dates: Dispatches From the Front Lines of the Online Dating Wars. 217, Hotel History: Catskill Mountain Resort Hotels", "Jewish scholars study history, cultural significance of the Borscht Belt", "Kutsher's Documentary Captures Eclectic Legacy Of Borscht Belt Relic", "The Bygone Era of the Jewish Catskills Resorts", "Remembering Summers and Honeymoons in the Mountains", "Borscht Belt staff reminisce about the glory days of the Jewish Alps and their part in making it happen", "Hudson Valley Resort and Spa, closed since October 2018, bought by Brooklyn group", "The Disappearance of the Borscht Belt Hotels", "History of Borscht Belt Hotels and Bungalow Colonies in the Catskills", "New York, Ontario & Western Railway (NYO&W): "Route Of The Mountaineer", "1940 Vacation Guide - New York Ontario and Western Railway", "1954 Chronology of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company and its Historical Context", "23 eerie photos that show the crumbling beauty of New York's abandoned 'Borscht Belt' resorts", "Young Jews Are Bringing the Catskills Back to Life", "Overnight Fire Destroys Heiden Hotel of 'Sweet Lorraine' fame", "New York wants sect to leave old resort", "HAVENS; The 'Bhajan Belt': Serenity in the Catskills", "region's 'buddha belt' keeps on expanding", "Ruins of the Borscht Belt: A Photo Essay and Conversation with Documentary Photographer Marisa Scheinfeld", "10 Abandoned Resorts from The Borscht Belt, America's Jewish Vacationland in Catskills, New York", "Possible revival of Grossinger's Resort moves ahead", "Building at the Catskills' famed Grossinger's resort, an inspiration for "Dirty Dancing," burns down in massive fire", "High-end wellness resort opens in Sullivan County", "Yada Yada Yada: 15 Greatest Moments in Jewish Comedy History", Museum of the Jewish People at Beit Hatfutsot, The Catskills Institute at Northeastern University, Four Seasons Lodge, a documentary about a bungalow colony of Holocaust survivors in the Catskills, The Borscht Belt: Visiting the Remains of America's Jewish Vacationland, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Borscht_Belt&oldid=1140993162.